ANATOMY



The Brain : Divisions of the Brain



  • Mesencephalon
  • Controls Responses to Sight , Eye Movement , Pupil Dilation , Body Movement , Hearing
  • Location:
  • The mesencephalon is the most rostral portion of the brainstem. It is located between the forebrain and brainstem.
  • Structures:
  • The mesencephalon consists of the tectum and tegmentum.
  • Prosencephalon
  • Function:
  • Chewing , Directs Sense Impulses Throughout the Body , Equilibrium , Eye Movement, Vision , Facial Sensation , Hearing , Phonation , Intelligence , Memory , Personality , Respiration , Salivation , Swallowing , Smell , Taste
  • Location:
  • The prosencephalon is the most anterior portion of the brain. It is also called the forebrain.
  • Structures:
  • The prosencephalon consists of the telencephalon, striatum, diencephalon, lateral ventricle and third ventricle.
  • Diencephalon
  • Function:
  • Chewing , Directs Sense Impulses Throughout the Body , Equilibrium , Eye Movement, Vision , Facial Sensation , Hearing , Phonation , Respiration , Salivation , Swallowing , Smell , Taste
  • Location:
  • The diencephalon is located between the cerebral hemispheres and above the midbrain.
  • Structures:
  • Structures of the diencephalon include the thalamus, hypothalamus, the optic tracts, optic chiasma, infundibulum, Ventricle III, mammillary bodies, posterior pituitary gland and the pineal gland.
  • Telencephalon
  • Function:
  • Determines Intelligence , Determines Personality , Interpretation of Sensory Impulses , Motor function , Planning and Organization , Sense of Smell , Touch Sensation
  • Location:
  • The telencephalon is the anterior portion of the brain, rostral to the midbrain.
  • Structures:
  • The telencephalon consists of the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, corpus striatum and olfactory bulb
  • Rhombencephalon
  • Function:
  • Attention and Sleep , Autonomic Functions , Complex Muscle Movement , Conduction Pathway for Nerve Tracts , Reflex Movement , Simple Learning
  • Location:
  • The rhombencephalon is the inferior portion of the brainstem.
  • Structures:
  • The rhombencephalon is comprised of the metencephalon, the myelencephalon, and the reticular formation.
  • Metencephalon
  • Function:
  • Arousal , Balance , Cardiac Reflexes , Circulation , Fine Muscle Movement , Muscle Tone maintenance , Sleep
  • Location:
  • The metencephalon is located below the posterior portion of the cerebrum and above the medulla oblongata.
  • Structures:
  • The metencephalon is the division of the hindbrain that consists of the pons and the cerebellum.
  • Myelencephalon
  • Function:
  • Autonomic Functions , Breathing , Conduction Pathway for Nerve Tracts , Digestion , Heart Rate , Swallowing , Sneezing
  • Location:
  • The myelencephalon is the most inferior portion of the brainstem.
  • Structures:
  • The myelencephalon is composed of the medulla oblongata.